Socrates: the Question of Morality :: Philosophy, Philosophers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The question of morality came up when Socrates and Cephalus were having a conversation about money. Cephalus says someone who has led a bad life will have nightmares and a person who leads a good life will not have such dreams and will be happy. Cephalus says being true and giving things back is morality. Socrates gives an example were you can do something good by not gibing something back. His example was if you borrow a weapon from a friend, and he is sane at the time and at the time you should give it back your friend is insane then you shouldn’t give it back so you can protect him from doing harm which is also good. Cephalus agreed that Socrates was correct that this was doing something good so Socrates said if that is the case than the definition of morality isn’t to tell the truth and give back whatever one has borrowed. Polemarchus interjected saying that morality is to tell the truth and to give back whatever one has borrowed if you believe S imonides. Polemarchus says what Simonides was trying to say was friends owe friends good deeds not bad ones. Socrates responds by saying, what Simonides meant was we give back to people what is appropriate for them, or owed to them. Polemarchus said to be consistent with what I said earlier it has to be the art of giving benefit and harm to friends and enemies respectively. Socrates makes a point that morality only seems to be useful when something is not being used, for example when money needs to be saved.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Socrates asks if a moral person can harm anyone and Polemarchus agreed that a moral person could harm an evil man. What Socrates was trying to get at was well if this man was really moral why is he trying to harm anyone. Socrates goes on saying many things but one main point he made was as follows â€Å"It is not the job of a moral person to harm a friend or anyone else, it is the job of his opposite, an immoral person. Polemarchus agreed to this, which basically went against everything he said in the opening of this conversation. Socrates says that the claim that its right and moral to give back to people what they are owed, if this is taken to mean that a moral person owes harm to his enemies and help to his friends, turns out to be a claim no clever person would make.

Modern Business Environment

In modern business environment, knowledge is the most important resource, information regarding competition mainly concerned their market share and offer, showed to be a satisfactory volume of information. Nowadays requires information about the competition. These information refer not only to competitors market share and their offer, but also to the level and structure of their expenses, products and services quality-price relations, sales volume, scope of activities, cash flows, liquidity, solvency and profitability. Building information system that supports the management and decision-making, and that can be a source of competitive edge, is not an easy task. Problem is how to get quality and useful information. In the present commercial center, there are tons of items and administrations accessible to satisfy the necessities of people and organizations. Your capacity to recognize and abuse the highlights and related advantages of your item or benefit and exhibit how it is unique or superior to anything the opposition will furnish you with a focused edge. The edge or preferred standpoint will furnish your firm with the instruments to: Increment deals and piece of the pie. Enhance overall revenues for a given timeframe in new or existing markets. Guarantee your survival in to a great degree focused markets. Grow hard-to-duplicate promoting blends. A COMPETITIVE EDGE : To begin, you should assemble every one of the information gathered about your objective market patterns, clients, items and contenders. Recorded various market plan elements is a framework of the different market design components you should survey to identify your competitive edge. Each organization must have no less than one favorable position to effectively contend in the market. On the off chance that an organization can't distinguish one or simply doesn't have it, contenders soon beat it and power the business to leave the market. There are numerous approaches to accomplish the favorable position however just two fundamental kinds of it: cost or separation advantage. An organization that can accomplish prevalence in cost or separation can offer shoppers the items at bring down expenses or with higher level of separation and above all, can contend with its rivals. 1.0 BACKGROUND: Firstly the identification of your firm's strengths and weaknesses is an important task that needs to be accomplished before any competitive edge can be developed. The aggressive edge your firm picks will rely upon the reasons your client will purchase a specific item or administration. A competitive advantage means you need to offer some things your competitors don't. You need to know what it is your competitors do well, and do not do well. For instance, if your opposition has one formula that numerous clients go to that eatery for, basically impersonating their formula won't add to your upper hand. Rather than endeavoring to duplicate your rival's points of interest, fortify your own particular to make a special arrangement of qualities that can't be imitated. There's no compelling reason to enlist somebody to do what you can do yourself, however consider utilizing research firms to discover data that isn't freely accessible. Here are a couple of instruments you can use to secure aggressive knowledge. Online scans are a fast technique for finding aggressive data. In any case, this hunt will just give data that has been made open. On location perceptions of the contender's parking area, client administration, volume and example of providers' conveyances, and so on can yield valuable data about the condition of the contender's business. Overviews and meetings can yield a lot of information about contenders and items. Research reviews and center gathering interviews for the most part give more inside and out points of view from a constrained example. Aggressive benchmarking is utilized to look at the association's activities against those of its rivals. In making particular correlations inside an industry, an association picks up data about regular advertising rehearses, accessible workforce, and providers. Problems to Gain Competitive Edge over your Competitor in Business: Rivalry is great. Indeed, a sound competition provokes you to work more brilliant with the assets you have. To do as such, use your group's interesting gifts and construct a business contenders wouldn't set out test. Regardless of whether different organizations in your industry endeavor to undermine your costs and take your clients, ponder ways they can enable your startup to develop.Maintaining a strategic distance from lack of concern. Sole providers in an industry rapidly quit advancing essentially in light of the fact that they never again have any need to. Unfortunately, they unwittingly focus on keeping up the present state of affairs. Contenders have a propensity for keeping you on your toes.Building brand clout. Make it your central goal to emerge as the main specialist in your space of ability. Your gathering of people will appreciate your idea authority and normally pick you over different sellers.Creating mindfulness. Adversaries constrain you to evaluate your qualities and shortcomings. Utilize your superpowers to make a more exceptional incentive to clients. Comprehend your weaknesses and discover approaches to defeat them.Empowering separation. Contenders will reliably attempt to offer better client benefit, item quality and promoting. In sound markets, purchasers will request the best answers for their particular needs. Separate your contributions with the objective of making huge incentive for the clients you serve.Abusing industry patterns. Rivalry signals solid customer request. It gives approval to what you are doing. In new markets, this is a chance to advance a developing pattern that will get purchasers and the media amped up for your work.Shaping startling associations. Make organizations together with similar organizations. Trade innovation and apparatuses, extend the general market, cross advance each other's items and team up on novel research to instruct buyers. Mayb e one day, you may converge with, or gain, your greatest rival.Shared learning. Watch the opposition deliberately. The learning and assets they have might be both preferred and distinctive over yours. Effectively gain from how they oversee and develop their task. Before long, you will find approaches to apply those lessons figured out how to your business.Narrowing down a specialty. Somebody will dependably be superior to you at something – and that is alright. Clients merit the best items and administrations to satisfy their individual needs. To manufacture a productive business, concentrate your endeavors on making a littler fragment of the general market exceptionally upbeat. By narrowing your specialty, you build up an aggressive edge that prevents promote rivalry.Arranging long haul. Without contenders, most firms lose all sense of direction in the everyday exercise of keeping up their business. As different organizations join the market, you should begin testing yoursel f to achieve more.Organizing client needs. Rather than concentrating your vitality on exceeding the opposition, put resources into turning into a client driven association.Along these lines, you will help purchaser dependability and effortlessly shield against forceful providers or merchants goal on taking your customers. By the day's end, it is your clients – not your rival – who have the ability to represent the deciding moment your business.

Stained Glass Windows Medieval Art and Religion

Stained glass is transparent colored glass formed into decorative mosaics and set into windows, primarily in churches. During the art forms heyday, between the 12th and 17th centuries CE, stained glass depicted religious tales from the Judeo-Christian Bible or secular stories, such as Chaucers Canterbury tales. Some of them also featured geometric patterns in bands or abstract images often based on nature. Making Medieval stained glass windows for Gothic architecture was dangerous work performed by guild craftsmen who combined alchemy, nano-science, and theology.  One purpose of stained glass is to serve as a source of meditation, drawing the viewer into a contemplative state. Key Takeaways: Stained Glass Stained glass windows combine different colors of glass in a panel to make an image.  The earliest examples of stained glass were done for the early Christian church in the 2nd–3rd centuries CE, although none of those survived.  The art was inspired by Roman mosaics and illuminated manuscripts.  The heyday of Medieval religious stained glass took place between the 12th and 17th centuries.Abbot Suger, who lived in the 12th century and reveled in blue colors representing the divine gloom, is considered the father of stained glass windows.   Definition of Stained Glass   Stained glass is made of silica sand (silicon dioxide) that is super-heated until it is molten. Colors are added to the molten glass by tiny (nano-sized) amounts of minerals—gold, copper, and silver were among the earliest coloring additives for stained glass windows. Later methods involved painting enamel (glass-based paint) onto sheets of glass and then firing the painted glass in a kiln.   Stained glass windows are a deliberately dynamic art. Set into panels on exterior walls, the different colors of glass react to the sun by glowing brightly. Then, colored light spills out from the frames and onto the floor and other interior objects in shimmering, dappled pools that shift with the sun. Those characteristics attracted the artists of the Medieval period. Recumbent stone sarcophagi of French kings Philip VI (1293–1350) and John II (1319–1364) dappled in stain glass light. Saint Denis Basilica, Paris. RIEGER Bertrand / hemis.fr / Getty Images Plus History of Stained Glass Windows Glass-making was invented in Egypt about 3000 BCE—basically, glass is super-heated sand. Interest in making glass in different colors dates to about the same period. Blue in particular was a prized color in Bronze Age Mediterranean trade in ingot glass.   Putting shaped panes of differently colored glass into a framed window was first used in early Christian churches during the second or third century CE—no examples exist but there are mentions in historical documents. The art may well have been an outgrowth of Roman mosaics, designed floors in elite Roman houses that were made up of squares pieces of rock of different colors. Glass fragments were used to make wall mosaics, such as the famous mosaic at Pompeii of Alexander the Great, which was made primarily of glass fragments. There are early Christian mosaics dated to the 4th century BCE in several places throughout the Mediterranean region. Detail of Mosaic Alexander the Great at the Battle of Issus, Pompeii. Getty Images / Leemage/Corbis By the 7th century, stained glass was used in churches throughout Europe.  Stained glass also owes a great deal to the rich tradition of illuminated manuscripts, handmade books of Christian scripture or practices, made in Western Europe between about 500–1600 CE, and often decorated in richly colored inks and gold leaf. Some of the 13th century stained glass works were copies of illuminated fables.   Illustrated manuscript miniature from the Toros Roslin Gospels, 1262. Walters Art Museum, Baltimore. Fine Art Images / Heritage Images / Getty Images How to Make Stained Glass The process of making glass is described in a few existing 12th-century texts, and modern scholars and restorers have been using those methods to replicate the process since the early 19th century. To make a stained glass window, the artist makes a full-sized sketch or cartoon of the image. The glass is prepared by combining sand and potash and firing it at temperatures between 2,500–3,000 °F. While still molten, the artist adds a small amount of one or more metallic oxides. Glass is naturally green, and to get clear glass, you need an additive.  Some of the main mixtures were: Clear: manganese  Green or blue-green: copperDeep blue: cobaltWine-red or violet: gold  Pale yellow to deep orange or gold: silver nitrate (called silver stain)Grassy green: combination of cobalt and silver stain The stained glass is then poured into flat sheets and allowed to cool. Once cooled, the artisan lays the pieces onto the cartoon and cracks the glass in rough approximations of the shape using a hot iron. The rough edges are refined (called grozing) by using an iron tool to chip away the excess glass until the precise shape for the composition is produced.   Making a stained glass window at the Morris Co of Merton Abbey (1931). Fox Photos / Stringer / Hulton Archive / Getty Images Next, the edges of each of the panes are covered with cames, strips of lead with an H-shaped cross-section; and the cames are soldered together into a panel. Once the panel is complete, the artist inserts putty between the glass and cames to aid in waterproofing. The process can take from a few weeks to many months, depending on the complexity.   Gothic Window Shapes The most common window shapes in Gothic architecture are tall, spear-shaped lancet windows and circular rose windows. Rose or wheel windows are created in a circular pattern with panels that radiate outwards. The largest rose window is at Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, a massive panel measuring 43 ft in diameter with 84 glass panes that radiate outward from a central medallion.   The largest stained glass rose window is at the Catholic cathedral Notre Dame de Paris, on the edges of the Seine in Paris, France. Frà ©dà ©ric Soltan / Corbis / Getty Images Medieval Cathedrals The heyday of stained glass occurred in the European Middle Ages, when guilds of craftsmen produced stained glass windows for churches, monasteries, and elite households. The blossoming of the art in medieval churches is attributed to the efforts of Abbot Suger (ca. 1081–1151), a French abbot at Saint-Denis, now best known as the place where French kings were buried.   About 1137, Abbot Suger began to rebuild the church at Saint-Denis–it had been first built in the 8th century and was sorely in need of reconstruction. His earliest panel was a large wheel or rose window, made in 1137, in the choir (eastern part of the church where the singers stand, sometimes called the chancel). The St. Denis glass is remarkable for its use of blue, a deep sapphire that was paid for by a generous donor. Five windows dated to the 12th century remain, although most of the glass has been replaced.   The diaphanous sapphire blue of Abbot Suger was used in various elements of the scenes, but most significantly, it was used in backgrounds. Prior to the abbots innovation, backgrounds were clear, white, or a rainbow of colors. Art historian Meredith Lillich comments that for Medieval clergy, blue was next to black in the color palette, and deep blue contrasts God the father of lights as super-light with the rest of us in divine gloom, eternal darkness and eternal ignorance. Stained glass windows in Saint-Denis Cathedral, Paris, France. Greg Christensen / Photographers Choice / Getty Images Plus Medieval Meaning Gothic cathedrals were transformed into a vision of heaven, a place of retreat from the noise of the city. The portrayed images were mostly of certain New Testament parables, especially the prodigal son and the good Samaritan, and of events in the life of Moses or Jesus.  One common theme was the Jesse Tree, a genealogical form that connected Jesus as descended from the Old Testament King David. Stained glass window of King Solomon flanked by the prophets Isaiah and Micah. Detail from the Jesse Tree Window at Chartres Cathedral, France (1145–1155). Art Media / Print Collector / Getty Images Abbot Suger began to incorporate stained glass windows because he thought they created a heavenly light representing the presence of God. The attraction to the lightness in a church called for taller ceilings and larger windows: it has been argued that architects attempting to put larger windows into cathedral walls in part invented the flying buttress for that purpose. Certainly moving heavy architectural support to the exterior of the buildings opened up cathedral walls to larger window space. Cistercian Stained Glass (Grisailles) In the 12th century, the same stained glass images made by the same workers could be found in churches, as well as monastic and secular buildings. By the 13th century, however, the most luxurious were restricted to cathedrals. The divide between monasteries and cathedrals was primarily of topics and style of stained glass, and that arose because of a theological dispute. Bernard of Clairvaux (known as St. Bernard, ca. 1090–1153) was a French abbot who founded the Cistercian order, a monastic offshoot of the Benedictines that was particularly critical of luxurious representations of holy images in monasteries. (Bernard is also known as the supporter of the Knights Templar, the fighting force of the Crusades.)   In his 1125 Apologia ad Guillelmum  Sancti Theoderici Abbatem (Apology to William of St. Thierry), Bernard attacked artistic luxury, saying that what may be excusable in a cathedral is not appropriate to a monastery, whether cloister or church. He probably wasnt referring particularly to stained glass: the art form didnt become popular until after 1137. Nonetheless, the  Cistercians believed that using color in images of religious figures was heretical—and Cistercian stained glass was always clear or gray (grisaille). Cistercian windows are complex and interesting even without the color. Eberbach Abbey is a former Cistercian monastery near Eltville am Rhein in the Rheingau, Germany, founded in 1136 by Bernard of Clairvaux as the first Cistercian monastery on the east bank of the Rhine. Ventura Carmona / Moment Unreleased / Getty Images Gothic Revival and Beyond The heyday of the medieval period stained glass ended about 1600, and after that it became a minor decorative or pictorial accent in architecture, with some exceptions. Beginning in the early 19th century, the Gothic Revival brought old stained glass to the attention of private collectors and museums, who sought restorers. Many small parish churches obtained medieval glasses—for example, between 1804–1811, the cathedral of Lichfield, England, obtained a vast collection of early 16th century panels from the Cistercian convent of Herkenrode.   In 1839, the Passion window of the church of St. Germain lAuxerrois in Paris was created, a meticulously researched and executed modern window incorporating medieval style. Other artists followed, developing what they considered a rebirth of a cherished art form, and sometimes incorporating fragments of old windows as part of the principle of harmony practiced by Gothic revivalists. Gothic Revival stained glass window depicting the Baptism of Jesus by John the Baptist, St. Germain lAuxerrois church, Paris, France. Godong / robertharding / Getty Images Plus Through the latter part of the 19th century, artists continued to follow a penchant for earlier medieval styles and subjects. With the art deco movement at the turn of the 20th century, artists such as Jacques Grà ¼ber were unleashed, creating masterpieces of secular glasses, a practice that still continues today. Stained glass window by Jacques Grà ¼ber Les Roses, 1906. Musee de l ´Ecole de Nancy, Art Nouveau museum, Nancy, France. Alan John Ainsworth / Heritage Images / Getty Images Selected Sources Abbot Suger. The Book of Suger Abbot of St. Denis on What Was Done During His Administration. Transl. Burr, David. History Department: Hanover College.  Cheshire, J. I. M. Stained Glass. Victorian Review 34.1 (2008): 71–75. Print.Guest, Gerald B. Narrative Cartographies: Mapping the Sacred in Gothic Stained Glass. RES: Anthropology and Aesthetics. 53/54 (2008): 121–42. Print.Harris, Anne F. Glazing and Glossing: Stained Glass as Literary Interpretation. Journal of Glass Studies 56 (2014): 303–16. Print.Hayward, Jane. Glazed Cloisters and Their Development in the Houses of the Cistercian Order. Gesta 12.1/2 (1973): 93–109. Print.Lillich, Meredith Parsons. Monastic Stained Glass: Patronage and Style. Monasticism and the Arts. Ed. Verdon, Timothy Gregory. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1984. 207–54. Print.Marks, Richard. Stained Glass in England During the Middle Ages. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1993.Raguin, Virginia Chieffo. Revival s, Revivalists, and Architectural Stained Glass. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 49.3 (1990): 310–29. Print.Royce-Roll, Donald. The Colors of Romanesque Stained Glass. Journal of Glass Studies 36 (1994): 71–80. Print.Rudolph, Conrad. Inventing the Exegetical Stained-Glass Window: Suger, Hugh, and a New Elite Art. The Art Bulletin 93.4 (2011): 399–422. Print.

Prevention Of The Disease Aids Essay - 1528 Words

Diseases have been affecting the globe for decades. In recent years there have been many infectious diseases have been occurring and spreading across society. Out of the many infectious diseases, there are two that are going to be examined. The two diseases that are going to be analyzed and reviewed are Ebola and AIDS. The two diseases have a high rate of death among people who have been infected. The right rate of death has occurred for decades. Both of these diseases are highly effective at attacking the immune system of the victims. These diseases are both infectious, but are different in several ways. In order to understand how to treat or contain these two diseases, it is informative to be educated on each disease, how it is spread, and what symptoms are prevalent. The disease AIDS is an acronym for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The first known case of the AIDS virus was found in 1970’s. The AIDS disease was made aware in hospitals among male patients who had same-s ex relationships. The two main areas of this disease at that time was in New York and Los Angeles. â€Å"In 1982 the AIDS disease was enhancing Kaposi s sarcoma and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia† (Scavnicky, 2011). In order for a person to be diagnosed with AIDS is due to having the HIV virus. The first HIV virus was detected around 1950. It was considered to have originated from monkey’s or chimps. It later had been spread to humans. The AIDS name had surfaced after the latter stages of HIV haveShow MoreRelatedThe Effects of HIV754 Words   |  3 PagesBronx has the highest HIV infection rate in New York City. In 2013, NYC.gov reported 35,172 people were living with HIV/AIDS in the Bronx. Acquired immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is the disease caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which is the final stage of HIV. 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They are also partners with other countries abroad in research, surveillance and evaluation of activities among the world’s population. The activities monitored are critical to CDC due to the estimated 1.1 million Americans infected with the disease. Some ofRead MoreHiv Prevention Among The Usa1285 Words   |  6 PagesHIV Prevention amongst Minorities in the USA PROBLEM Human immunodeficiency virus better known as HIV, is a virus that attacks the body’s immune system. The virus specifically attacks the CD4 cells (T cells), which helps the immune system fight off infections. Overtime, HIV can destroy so many of these cells that body can’t fight off infections and diseases. HIV cannot be cured but it can be controlled with proper treatment and medical care (â€Å"What is HIV/AIDS?†). According to the Center for Disease

The Airline Industry Is The Most Unionized Industry,...

The airline industry is the most unionized industry, therefore â€Å"the labor cost in unionized airlines is about 35% of the unit cost in North America and it is also the highest cost component of airline business† (Malik, 2016). Moreover the federal aviation regulation require airlines to flight with pilots who has the specific training and experience at the airline. Therefore when the union strike it is very difficult for the company to just find other pilots and continue its operations, giving the airlines union greater reward than other industry unions. â€Å"An investor in a unionized U.S. airline should not expect to see a return on the investment and, should expect an eventual Chapter 11 bankruptcy† (Greenspun, 2010). Therefore the†¦show more content†¦According with Ron Defeo, spokesman of American Airlines â€Å"their philosophy is to provide industry-leading pay when contracts are signed† (Reed, 2016). Additionally if the union agreed to sign the contract in 2015, it means the conditions were better than other companies in the industry. However if the current conditions in the industry are less favorable for the employees, will the union accept a renegotiation of the contract to decrease the salaries? I don’t think they will accept any change to the contract before the stipulated date. In my opinion this is the main reason why companies are disappearing and many people are unemployed, because in rare occasions unions are willing to compromise and contribute to the success of the company. After employees saw how American Airline ranked sixth on competitive salaries compared with other companies in the industry they are thinking to leave the Allied Pilots Association and join the larger Air Line Pilots Association, because they felt their interest were not well represented by APA. Moreover when Delta agreed to better benefits and higher compensations than APA members, they decide it could be more beneficial to switch to a larger union. Tim Canoll, president of ALPA said â€Å"We believe that all pilots would greatly benefit through single representation†Show MoreRelatedSkywest1539 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction SkyWest Airlines (SkyWest) was a rare breed in the ultra-competitive regional airline industry. As the overall airline industry suffered through terrorist attacks, rising fuel costs, and increased competition, SkyWest was able to grow its business and sustain profitability. The aforementioned events that impacted the airline industry had a severe effect on the structure of the industry as a whole. Several major airlines were in the process of emerging from bankruptcy while mergersRead MoreJetBlue Essay1709 Words   |  7 Pageswould create an airline if you were building it from scratch. 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Southwest Airlines is a majorRead MoreCompetitive Strategy Southwest Airlines2058 Words   |  9 PagesThe domestic US airline industry has been intensely competitive since it was deregulated in 1978. In a regulated environment, most of the cost increases were passed along to consumers under a fixed rate-of-return based pricing scheme. This allowed labor unions to acquire a lot of power and workers at the major incumbent carriers were overpaid. After deregulation, the incumbent carriers felt the most pain, and the floodgates had opened for newer more nimble carriers with lower cost structures

Patisserie Shop in Dubai

Question: Discuss the Report for Patisserie Shop in Dubai. Answer: Part 1: Stating the objective In the near future, I intend to get involved in pastries or bakery. Particularly I would like to open a Patisserie shop in Dubai. I picked this trade since I appreciate preparing and cooking a wide range of nourishment, I mainly appreciate preparing and eating pastries. I might want to prepare wedding cakes for weddings, birthdays, and for any uncommon event. I would likewise appreciate contending in cake appears. At that point, when I am prepared to resign I want to have the capacity to write a book on my experience to help any other person that might need to open up his or her patisserie shop business. Part 2: Identifying costs/benefits and the method Identifying Costs According to Baumann McAllister (2015), each business is distinctive. From costs to staff necessities, a business' needs are exclusive, as is the measure of cash invested to get it off the ground. Opening a pastry kitchen may be perceived as easy; in any case, one should take the opportunity to draft a plan appropriately to guarantee a bread shop is effective. The financial plan for each pastry shop is distinctive, contingent upon an assortment of components including size, area, items and the technique. By evaluating salary, estimating costs and arranging for the unforeseen, anybody can plan a strategy that will lead a pastry kitchen/patisserie shop to achievement. Thomas (2014) puts it better that various startup costs are connected with opening a pastry shop. For instance, someone has to acquire nearly all of the materials needed to begin a patisserie shop. Additionally he/she needs to guarantee the instruments required in order to be fruitful, for example, blenders, stoves and other fundamental necessities. The overall costs include office related costs, for example, development and rental charges, startup supply in addition to diverse resources essential to begin the bread shop. Whilst creating a budget to open a pastry kitchen, the key thing to front is to discern the sum of money required to invest in the venture by offering pastries to the market. One key segment of drafting a budget is thinking about items that will have a set of cost, for instance, rolls of bread, treats and biscuits. The valuing system must work while finishing custom orders for individual customers; for instance, outlining and heating in an oven a custom wedding cake. The measure of profits anticipated will give an estimation of the amount of cost a pastry shop can have without losing cash (Baumann McAllister, 2015). Identifying Benefits With wild rivalry from basic sellers and other box retailers such as supermarkets, an effective pastry shop must be set up to meet the requests of its clients with the same accommodation as the other retailers, however, it should be of higher quality. To make and keep up progress in such a challenging industry, a new pastry shop must be arranged well before its grand opening. Working a bread shop can be a troublesome endeavor with startup hardware costs, generation due dates, holding fast to security and upkeep directions and overwhelming nearby rivalry for clients. There are, nevertheless, some key advantages of running a patisserie shop. The main benefit is having control over a retail business in which someone can build up a reliable client base and extend to other places when the time is correct (Thomas, 2014). One of the geniuses of running a pastry kitchen is having control on the items and their sums (Zimmerer, 2010). Moreover, there is an array of alternatives including a practically perpetual assortment of breads, cakes, cakes, brownies and pies. Concentrating on a specific product offering in order to have practical experience is usually recommended so that that pastry chef can idealize the formula and assembling of it. Additionally a pastry chef can pick things of the month, for example, pumpkin flavor biscuits and bagels amid October to pull in clients. This depends on the way that individuals need to eat and countless appreciation. Therefore, they will pay for crisp items. Heated things are solace sustenance that can be set up as exceptionally nutritious and wonderful (Zimmerer, 2010). Innovativeness The pastry shop business offers potential for extraordinary imagination. A pastry chef and his staff can try different things with unique formulas, energizing presentations of items and can express the bread shop's style with improvements. Representatives who are permitted to express their thoughts are more fulfilled by their work than the individuals who are required to create the same things all the day (Laporte and Le Tallec, 2012). Potential for Extension An advantage of running a pastry shop is that an investor can regularly extend the business as required. Occasionally, there is a chance to move into a bigger region or to add on to present office. Regardless of the fact that an investor does not amplify the physical size of the pastry kitchen, he/she regularly can build the quantity of various items on offer and the sums prepared in a session. Cautious observing of offers and considering the costs of fixings are basic in figuring out whether or when to grow and extend to other towns. The method In a book by Harold and Seymour (2012), the Payback time is the period necessary to restore from the outlay of a project. The Payback period of any project or venture is an imperative determinant of whether to try the project, as extended Payback time spans are regularly not appealing for speculative arrangements. Therefore, this is a suitable method for estimating the payback period for a patisserie shop. Focal points of payback period are: Payback time spans are exceptionally uncomplicated to compute. It is an evaluation of risks absolute in an investment project. Given that risks that come about soon after capital injection in the duration of a project or a venture are observed as more dubious, the Payback time span gives a sign of certainty of revenues in a project or venture. For businesses facing liquidity matters, it points a straight arrangement of projects that will return money in a timely manner (Avi, 2010). Weaknesses of the Payback method: Payback method fails to test out the Time Value of Money; this is a real shortcoming because it can prompt erroneous pickings. An array of Payback techniques that tries to expel this shortcoming is known as the reduced or discounted Payback strategy. It does not check the cash flows that are realized following the Payback period (Williams, 2012). Part 3: The Analysis The projected costs and revenues for a pastry shop are shown in the table below. Year Cost Revenue Y 1 $ 50,000 $ 40,000 Y 2 $ 55,000 $ 50,000 Y 3 $ 55,000 $ 70,000 Y 4 $ 60,000 $ 100,000 Y 5 $ 60,000 $ 120,000 As indicated in the table above, the pastry business starts to take off from the third year of operations. This is due to many favorable microeconomic and macroeconomic factors. The fiscal setting include outside components in an industry as well as the overall economy that may affect a venture. The macroeconomic setting affects an entire economy in addition to the larger component of its projects or ventures. Boardman, Reinhart and Celec, (2012) concur that various monetary components carried out as external requirements on a business; this means that an investor has partial management of external factors. The inflation rate in the U.A.E has been rising gradually since 2013 and it is expected to stabilize around 1.50 in the coming years. The CPI is also expected to settle at 150. Price increases in the overall economy have been due to escalating housing and utility cost (The National, 2016). Using sensitivity analysis, investment in a pastry shop in the heart of Dubai would be a good idea because of the low and manageable inflation. Likewise, the interest rates are also low compared to other economies (Gillman, 2013). Briefly, I plan to finance the Patisserie shop through savings in my bank account and donations from friends and family. According to Rogoff (2014), bank loans are not good for a start-up business because it can come with dire consequences, such as high interest rates due to inflationary pressures in an economy. Part 4: Discussions and Recommendations Payback in Capital Budgeting points to the time required to recuperate the resources exhausted in a speculation, or to achieve the Break-even Point (BEP). For illustration, a $ 5000 speculation made toward the beginning of year 1, which returned $500 toward the end of year 1, and year 2 individually would have a two-year payback period. Payback period is generally written in years. Beginning from the first year of a venture by computing Net Income for every year: Net Income Year 1 = Money Inflow Year 1 - Money Outflow Year 1. At that point the Aggregate Income = Net Income Year 1 + Net Income Year 2 + Net Income Year 3, and so on. This is aggregated year on year until the Combined Income is a positive number. Therefore, the positive year in the series is the payback year (Jonathan, 2010). However, the Time Value of Money is hardly checked. In a book by Kent and English, (2011) the Payback method instinctively appraises the point an outlay reaches to "sustain itself. Every single one being equal, a short Payback time span is attractive over long time spans. The Payback method is mostly used in Capital Budgeting due to its handiness regardless of the superficial limit portrayed in this essay. The term is likewise generally utilized as a component of dissimilar sorts of speculation areas, regularly concerning vitality effectiveness, support, or diverse adjustments. For instance, computer hardware might be depicted with a Payback span of a definite era, expecting some costs (Baumann McAllister, 2015). References Avi R., (2010) Capital Budgeting Techniques, The Payback Period, The Net Present Value, The Internal Rate of Return and their Computer Applications, Managerial Finance, Vol. 13 Issue: 10, pp. 11 - 13 Baumann D, McAllister L (2015) Inflation and String theory, Cambridge University Press Boardman, C. M., Reinhart, W. J. and Celec, S. E. (2012), The Role of the Payback Period in the Theory And Application of Duration to Capital Budgeting, Journal of Business Finance Accounting, Vol. 12 Gillman M (2013) Inflation Theory in Economics: Welfare, Velocity, Growth and Business Cycles, Rutledge Harold B. Jr. and Seymour S. (2012) The Capital Budgeting Decision, Ninth Edition: Economic Analysis of Investment Projects, Rutledge Jonathan L (2010) A Dictionary of Accounting, OUP, Oxford Kent B. H and English P. (2011) Capital Budgeting Valuation: Financial Analysis for Today's Investment Projects, John Wiley Sons Laporte E and Le Tallec P. (2012) Numerical Methods in Sensitivity Analysis and Shape Optimization, Springer Science Business Media Rogoff (2014) Bankable business plans, Thomson Texere. The National (April 2016) Dubais inflation rate cut by lower rents. Retrieved on 23 July 2016 Thomas P. (2014) Capital in the Twenty-First Century, Harvard University Press Williams, J. R. (2012) Financial and Managerial Accounting, McGraw-Hill, p. 1117 Zimmerer, T. (2010) Essentials of entrepreneurship and small business management, Pearson Prentice Hall, New Jersey

WEB DuBois Analysis Essay Example For Students

WEB DuBois Analysis Essay WEB Du Bois WEB Du Bois was born a free man in his small village of Great Barington, Massachusetts, three years after the Civil War. For generations, the Du Bois family had been an accepted part of the community since before his great-grandfather had fought in the American Revolution. Early on, Du Bois was given an awareness of his African-heritage, through the ancient songs his grandmother taught him. This awareness set him apart from his New England community, with an ancestry shrouded in mystery, in sharp contrast to the precisely accounted history of the Western world. This difference would be the foundation for his desire to change the way African-Americans co-existed in America. We will write a custom essay on WEB DuBois Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now As a student, Du Bois was considered something of a prodigy who excelled beyond the capabilities of his white peers. He found work as a correspondent for New York newspapers, and slowly began to realize the inhibitions of social boundaries he was expected to observe every step of the way. When racism tried to take his pride and dignity, he became more determined to make sure society recognized his achievements. Clearly, Du Bois showed great promise, and some influential members of his community. Although Du Bois dreamt of attending Harvard, these influential individuals arranged for his education at Fisk University in Nashville. His experiences at Fisk changed his life, and he discovered his fate as a leader of the black struggle to free his people from oppression. At Fisk, Du Bois became acquainted with many sons and daughters of former slaves, who felt the pain of oppression and shared his sense of cultural and spiritual tradition. In the South, he saw his people being driven to a status of little difference from slavery, and saw them terrorized at the polls. He taught school during the summers in the eastern portion of Tennessee, and saw the suffering firsthand. He then resolved to dedicate his life to fighting the terrible racial oppression that held the black people down, both economically and politically. Du Boiss determination was rewarded with a scholarship to Harvard, where he began the first scientific sociological studies in the United States. He felt that through science, he could dispel the irrational prejudices and ignorance that prevented racial equality. He went on to create great advancements in the study of race relations, but oppression continued with segregation laws, lynching, and terror tactics on the rise. Du Bois then formed the Niagara Movement, and in 1909, was a vital part in establishing the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. He was also the editor of the NAACP magazine The Crisis from 1910 to 1934. In this stage of his life, he encouraged direct assaults on the legal, political, and economic system, which he felt blossomed out of the exploitation of the poor and powerless black community. He became the most important black protest leader of the first half of the 20th century. His views clashed with Booker T. Washington, who felt that the black people of America had to simply accept discrimination, and hope to eventually earn respect and equality through hard work and success. Du Bois wrote The Souls of Black Folk in 1903, criticizing Booker, claiming that his ideas would lead to a perpetuation of oppression instead of freeing the black people from it. Du Bois criticism lead to a branching out of the black civil rights movement, Bookers conservative followers, and a radical following of his critics. Du Bois had established the Black Nationalism that was the inspiration for all black empowerment throughout the civil rights movement, but had begun during the progressive era. Although the movement that germinated from his ideas may have taken on a more violent form, WEB Du Bois felt strongly that every human being could shape their own destinies with determination and hard work. He inspired hope by declaring that progress would come with the success of the small struggles for a better life. Words/ Pages : 680 / 24